Chì
82
Pb
Nhóm
14
Chu kỳ
6
Phân lớp
p
Prô ton
Electron
Nơ tron
82
82
125
Tính Chất Chung
Số nguyên tử
82
Nguyên tử khối
207,2
Số khối
207
Danh mục
Kim loại yếu
Màu sắc
Ánh kim xám
Có tính phóng xạ
Không
Từ tiếng La-tinh plumbum
Cấu trúc tinh thể
Lập phương tâm mặt
Lịch sử
Metallic lead beads dating back to 6400 BC have been found in Çatalhöyük in modern-day Turkey.
The Romans also used lead in molten form to secure iron pins that held together large limestone blocks in certain monumental buildings.
In alchemy, lead was thought to be the oldest metal and was associated with the planet Saturn.
The Romans also used lead in molten form to secure iron pins that held together large limestone blocks in certain monumental buildings.
In alchemy, lead was thought to be the oldest metal and was associated with the planet Saturn.
Số electron mỗi phân lớp
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Cấu hình electron
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Pencil leads in wooden pencils have never been made from lead
Tính Chất Vật Lý
Trạng thái vật chất
Rắn
Mật độ
11,342 g/cm3
Nhiệt độ nóng chảy
600,61 K | 327,46 °C | 621,43 °F
Nhiệt độ sôi
2022,15 K | 1749 °C | 3180,2 °F
Nhiệt lượng nóng chảy
4,77 kJ/mol
Nhiệt bay hơi
178 kJ/mol
Nhiệt dung
0,129 J/g·K
Hàm lượng trong vỏ trái đất
0,00099%
Hàm lượng trong vũ trụ
1×10-6%
Số CAS
7439-92-1
Số CID của PubChem
5352425
Tính Chất Nguyên Tử
Bán kính nguyên tử
175 pm
Bán kính cộng hoá trị
146 pm
Độ âm điện
2,33 (Thang Pauling)
Năng lượng ion hóa
7,4167 eV
Nguyên tử khối
18,17 cm3/mol
Độ dẫn nhiệt
0,353 W/cm·K
Trạng thái ôxy hóa
-4, 2, 4
Ứng dụng
Large quantities of lead, both as the metal and as the dioxide, are used in storage batteries.
Lead is used as electrodes in the process of electrolysis.
It is added to brass to reduce machine tool wear.
Lead, in either pure form or alloyed with tin, or antimony is the traditional material for bullets and shot in firearms use.
Lead is used as electrodes in the process of electrolysis.
It is added to brass to reduce machine tool wear.
Lead, in either pure form or alloyed with tin, or antimony is the traditional material for bullets and shot in firearms use.
Lead and its compounds are poisonous
Số đồng vị
Các đồng vị bền
204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208PbCác đồng vị không bền
178Pb, 179Pb, 180Pb, 181Pb, 182Pb, 183Pb, 184Pb, 185Pb, 186Pb, 187Pb, 188Pb, 189Pb, 190Pb, 191Pb, 192Pb, 193Pb, 194Pb, 195Pb, 196Pb, 197Pb, 198Pb, 199Pb, 200Pb, 201Pb, 202Pb, 203Pb, 205Pb, 209Pb, 210Pb, 211Pb, 212Pb, 213Pb, 214Pb, 215Pb